Git stores all commits as snapshots. We can commit limitless. If we can to review our commits we can use log command.
Git Log
We can simple list commits without any argument tot the log command.
$ git log commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE commit 22dc9ad592d5bc21412a246791a05abd42e72793 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:16:57 2016 +0000 Version 2, Add README commit 1156333b153c7bc164e194caf49a2720e490cb61 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Fri Oct 7 09:32:07 2016 +0000 Start
As we see there are 3 commits for the whole history of the Git repository. log command provides
commit hashwhich is used as identifier and a unique value.Authoris the developer info like name and email address.Dateis the date when the commit occurs.- And the last line is the message added by the developer.
List Last 2 Commits
There may be a lot of commit and if we issue log command we will get a bunch of commits. We can ffilter them with -n argument by providing limit number.
$ git log -n 2 commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE commit 22dc9ad592d5bc21412a246791a05abd42e72793 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:16:57 2016 +0000 Version 2, Add README
List Commits in Single Line
Listing in a more dense mode can be done with --oneline argument. This will only list commit hash and message.
$ git log --oneline -n 2 877ab08 Version 4,Added LICENSE 22dc9ad Version 2, Add README
List Commits Detailed
Listing detailed info about commits done with --stat command. This argument will list changing and added files.
$ git log --stat commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE LICENSE | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) commit 22dc9ad592d5bc21412a246791a05abd42e72793 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:16:57 2016 +0000 Version 2, Add README README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
More Details Please
To get all details about what lines are added what are diffs can be get with -p argument which means patch.
$ git log -p commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d0f24c --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +This is a free license commit 22dc9ad592d5bc21412a246791a05abd42e72793 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:16:57 2016 +0000 Version 2, Add README diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4cd6e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +#This is readme
Searching in Commits
We can look for a specific developer in the commits. We need to supply --author argument with the developer name like below.
$ git log --author="İsmail Baydan" $ git log -n 1 --author="John Doe" commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE
As we see that author İsmail Baydan do not exists but John Doe working and making commits for the project.
Another type of search is searching messages in the commits. By providing grep argument with text we can search messages in a free text search mode.
$ git log --grep="4" commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE
Searching Between Dates / Time Ranges
Searching between dates can be done with before and after arguments. They can be used separetely or together like below.
$ git log --after="2014-7-1" commit 877ab08a2c122c70326bb025530e48cb673c8505 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:23:46 2016 +0000 Version 4,Added LICENSE commit 22dc9ad592d5bc21412a246791a05abd42e72793 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Sat Oct 8 04:16:57 2016 +0000 Version 2, Add README commit 1156333b153c7bc164e194caf49a2720e490cb61 Author: John Doe <jdoe@poftut.com> Date: Fri Oct 7 09:32:07 2016 +0000 Start $ git log --before="2014-7-1"
As we have no commit before 2014-7-1 there is no result. All of our commits are after 2014-7-1.