Linux Bash test Command Tutorial With Examples
Bash have programmatic features which gives system administrators a lot of abilities. One of them is test command which will check given conditions and return logic results like true or false . There are a lot of different check functions where we will look most popular and needed ones.
Syntax
1 2 3 4 5 6 | test EXPRESSION test [ EXPRESSION ] [ ] [ OPTION |
Check If A File Exists
One of the most popular usage of the test command is checking a files existence. We will check if the file named key exists.
1 | $ test -e key |
Check If A File Exists&& echo “regular file”
Check If A File Is Regular File
In previous example we have checked the files or directory existence. There are different type of files in Linux. One of them which is the most used one is regular file. Regular file contains data like picture, voice, text, SQL data etc.
1 | $ test -f myapp.c |
Check If A File Is Regular File
Check If A File Is Directory
We can also check if a file is directory with -d option.
1 | $ test -d mnt |
Check If A File Is Directory
Check If A File Is Symbolic& echo “symlink” Link
Symbolic links provides flexibility to use same file in multiple paths as a single file. We can check if the file is symbolic link or not with -L option.
1 | $ test -L body2.txt |
Check If A File Is Symbolic Link
Check If A File Is Writable
Before trying to write data to file we can check whether the file is writable by the current user. The writable status may change according to current user who try to write. We will use -w option.
1 | $ test -w body.txt |
Check If A File Is Readable
Check If A File Is Readable
Another access check is checking if a file is readable. We will use -r option with the file name in the example below.
1 | $ test -r body.txt |
Check If A File Is Readable
Check If File1 Is Newer Than File2
Another useful check operation is comparing two files. We will compare if file1 is newer than file2 . We will use -nt option in this example.
1 | $ test file1 -nt file2 |
Check If File1 Is Newer Than File2
Check If File1 Is Older Than File2
We can check the reverse of the previous example. We will check if file1 is older than file2 with -ot option with the following example.
1 | $ test file1 -ot file2 |
Check If File1 Is Older Than File2
