TTL is the short code for Time To Live. TTL is located in IP packets where it is used to hold the count of intermediate hops. TTL is value is set by source host. Windows operating system set it to 64 where Linux operating systems set to 128. Every router or intermediate host the packet pass will decrease the TTL value of the IP packet. TTL generally used with different...
Ping is very popular term used by system or network administrators. Ping means checking given remote system whether it is up. Ping is a simple tool which uses ICMP protocol to check remote host. Some times ping port can be used with similar intentions. In this tutorial we will look how to ping remote system given ports. Ping Remote System We will start with regular ping. This will show us...
Computer networking provides a lot of features for remote usage. But remote access may have some problems. Computer networks provides some basic tools in order to check and detect these problems. In this tutorial we will look some basic ping test in order to check network status. ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol is a network protocol designed to communicate between network hosts about network status. Ping test mostly uses ICMP...
Nmap is popular tool used by pentesters, system administrators and network administrators. Nmap provides a lot of features for free. In this tutorial, we will look host discovery features and options of nmap. Discover with Ping Scan One of the basic usages for Host discovery is Ping scan. Ping uses ICMP protocol to communicate with targets. Targets generally responses Ping r ICMP requests which show the remote system is up....
Nmap is the most popular tools used in penetrations test or assessments for network scanning. Nmap have another features like listing some basic vulnerabilities and protocol related details. We will look Nmap features in fast way. For more detailed information read following tutorial. Nmap Tutorial Target Selection Target is the remote system nmap will scan. Scan Single Ip
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nmap 192.168.1.1 |
Scan A Host
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nmap google.com |
Scan A Range of IP
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nmap 192.168.1.1-30 |
Scan...
[rps-include post=6632] Before start any port, script or version scan hosts should be discovered. Only discovered hosts will be scanned by port,service or version. List Scan List scan will do not send any packet to the targets and only show dns names of the targets by resolving them.
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$ nmap -sL 216.58.212.37 |
We use -sL flag and the ip address of host/network.
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Nmap scan report for sof02s18-in-f5.1e100.net (216.58.212.37) Nmap done: 1 IP address (0 hosts up) scanned in 0.02 seconds |
We get that dns name of the host is sof02s18-in-f5.1e100.net . As we did...
Linux mtr command provides both functionality of traceroute and ping commands. mtr can provide reports and xml, json, csv output. There is also Gtk interface provided for mtr . Interactive Traceroute One of the simple use case for mtr is providing the remote hostname or IP address we want to traceroute. This will open a new interactive window which shows each intermediate hop. This will also send continuous ICMP packets to get new time and related...
Linux network stack is very powerful. Network stack provides a lot of functionalities where most of the enterprise network products can not offer. Here we will look basic and everyday network administration commands. Check Network and Internet Connectivity Network connectivity can be checked easily with ping and telnet tools. One method to check internet connectivity is ping to Google.
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# ping google.com PING google.com (216.58.212.46) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from sof02s18-in-f46.1e100.net (216.58.212.46): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=45.0 ms 64 bytes from sof02s18-in-f46.1e100.net (216.58.212.46): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=45.1 ms |
ping sends icmp packets google.com is the destination of the icmp packets line...
Windows firewall is a useful mechanism which is used to control network traffic and ports. There are different ways to manage Windows firewall like GUI, Powershell and MS-DOS. Today we will look in detail how to manage windows firewall from command line with a popular tool named netsh . Netsh is a built-in tool which exists all Windows versions like Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012, windows Server 2016, Windows 7,...
Ping is one of the most used tool for network diagnostics. When internet is not working, can not access file shares etc we will firstly ping command. Ping is one of the most known tool in the IT area. Ping actually uses ICMP packets to get information about network status. In this tutorial we will look practical use cases of Ping tool. Syntax Syntax of ping command for Linux is...
