Linux, Windows, Security, Programming, Network Tutorials
SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to transmit emails between clients, receivers, and email servers. SMTP service generally provided via different ports for network communication and transmission. IMAP and POP3 are other protocols used for email transmission but they are mainly used by email clients where SMTP is used for email servers. In … Read more
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure or HTTPS is an extension and secure alternative to the HTTP protocol. HTTPS is very same with the HTTP where the traffic is encrypted using TLS or Transport Layer Security. All major browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Opera, Microsoft Edge supports the HTTPS protocol. HTTPS also referred as … Read more
XAMP is a popular software that provides some tools to run a website. These tools names first letters created the XAMP where X is used for both Linux and Windows, A for Apache Webserver, M for MySQL Database Server, P for PHP Programming Language and Interpreter. Also, some extra tools are provided to complement Apache, … Read more
Hypertext Transfer Protocol or HTTP is a protocol used to transmit web pages and its contents like HTML, Image, JavaScript, CSS, etc. HTTP is used in a client-server model where the communication is generally started by the client and the server-side response to the client requests. HTTP History HTTP is created in 1989 by Tim … Read more
PHP programming language standard library supports the cURL library named libcurl. libcurl is a library implementation of the cURL tool which is used to communicate with servers and clients by using popular protocols like HTTP, FTP, etc. cURL can be used for HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP Upload requests. PHP cURL Library PHP cURL library … Read more
Today Firewall is depicted as the main component of the security and networks. Firewalls provide a lot of different operations and features. In the old days, the firewall was simply used to block or allow some ports and management of the NAT. These days there are a lot of different threats where the firewall is … Read more
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol or LDAP is used to authenticate and authorize users. LDAP is used in different infrastructures like Windows Domain, Linux, Network, etc. LDAP uses different port numbers like 389 and 636. LDAP is used by different software like OpenLDAP, Microsoft Active Directory, Netscape Directory Server, Novell eDirectory, etc. LDAP is developed to access … Read more
Certificates like SSL, X.509 are used to secure network traffic. But every certificate has its own life cycle in a distributed environment like the internet we should manage them. Online Certificate Status Protocol aka OCSP is used to manage certificates validity and lifecycle. OCSP standard is defined in RFC 6960 with the name of X.509 Internet … Read more
Common Name or CN is generally used in SSL Certificates. CN is used to define the server name which will be used for secure SSL connection. Generally this SSL certificate used to secure connection between a HTTP/S server and client browser like Chrome, Explorer, Firefox. Common Name (CN) Common Name is used to specify the … Read more
OpenPGP is a email encryption standard used by a lot of people. This standard is defined by OpenPGP Working Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The standard is proposed with RFC 4880 . The OpenPGP is derived from PGP software which is created by Phil Zimmermann. OpenPGP Windows Tools Gpg4win Gpg4win is popular … Read more